運用IPA模式探討勞工健康服務現況

背景：自從職安法規範事業單位應設置勞工健康服務人員從事臨場服務後，各事業單位所執行之勞工健康服務之範圍、內容與服務品質各有所不同。本研究以勞工與勞工健康服務人員為研究對象，目的在探討勞工與勞工健康服務人員對勞工健康服務之重視度與滿意度為何？兩者間對勞工健康服務內容與品質的重要度與滿意度認知是否有差異？而不同基本資料變數是否造成勞工與勞工健康服務人員對勞工健康服務內容與品質之重視度與滿意度不同？最後，透過重要性-滿意度分析法來探討如何提升勞工健康服務品質。方法：依據本質能力、傷病防治、法規倫理、健康管理設計問卷內容後，透過google問卷收集資料，使用SPSS統計軟體進行分析，共收集292份問卷，評估勞工與勞工健康服務人員對於勞工健康服務之重要度與滿意度之認知差異。研究結果發現：(1)勞工健康服務重要度整體平均值為4.51分(最高分為5分)，勞工健康服務人員明顯高於勞工(P<0.001) (2) 勞工健康服務滿意度整體平均值為4.16分(滿分5分)，勞工健康服務人員明顯高於勞工(p<0.001)(3)基本資料中事業單位規模、性別、年資、專職或特約對勞工健康服務之重要度有顯著影響。(4) 基本資料中事業單位規模、性別對勞工健康服務之滿意度有顯著影響。(5)而透過重要度-滿意度分析法發現，勞工認為需加強改善之項目共8項，勞工健康服務人員認為需加強改善之項目共1項，兩者在認知明顯有所不同。結論與建議：勞工與勞工健康服務人員對勞工健康服務之認知明顯有差異，兩者間應建立良好之溝通模式及建議主管機關辦理教育訓練及建置職業衛生護理之進階學程與證照，以提升勞工健康服務品質。

Background and Methods: Since the enactment of occupational safety regulations requiring enterprises to appoint occupational health personnel to provide on-site services, the scope, content, and quality of labor health services implemented by various enterprises have varied. This study targets both workers and occupational health personnel, aiming to explore the importance and satisfaction levels of workers and occupational health personnel regarding labor health services. It also examines whether there are differences in their perceptions of the importance and satisfaction of the content and quality of these services, and whether different demographic variables cause differences in their perceptions. Finally, the study uses Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to investigate ways to improve the quality of labor health services.Methods: Based on core competencies, injury and illness prevention, regulations and ethics, and health management, the questionnaire content was designed. Data were collected using Google Forms, and SPSS statistical software was used for analysis. A total of 292 questionnaires were collected to assess the differences in perceptions of importance and satisfaction with labor health services between workers and occupational health personnel.Results:1. The overall average importance score for labor health services was 4.51 (out of 5), with occupational health personnel rating it significantly higher than workers (P<0.001). 2. The overall average satisfaction score for labor health services was 4.16 (out of 5), with occupational health personnel rating it significantly higher than workers (P<0.001).3. Among demographic variables, enterprise size, gender, years of experience, and employment status (full-time or contracted) had significant effects on the perceived importance of labor health services.4. Enterprise size and gender had significant effects on the satisfaction with labor health services. Through IPA, it was found that workers identified 8 items needing improvement, while occupational health personnel identified 1 item, showing a clear difference in perceptions.Conclusion and Recommendations: There is a significant difference in the perception of occupational health services between workers and occupational health service providers. It is recommended to establish an effective communication model between the two parties. Additionally, the competent authorities should organize educational training and develop advanced programs and certifications in occupational health nursing to improve the quality of occupational health services.