某醫學中心護理人員體適能概況及伸展操之發展

研究背景：在許多的行業，肌肉骨骼不適(Musculoskeletal disorders；MSDs)是一種常見的職業病。護理人員在醫療工作中的身心勞累，容易造成肌肉骨骼的傷害，進而影響體適能。發展伸展操，期能促進護理人員有良好的體適能，進而提昇照護的品質。 目的：在瞭解護理人員之體適能概況及發展伸展操。 研究方法：採橫斷式研究設計，研究對象為台灣中部某醫學中心之護理人員，經同意後參加者共100人，進行體適能檢測。測驗項目為握力、腹肌耐力(一分鐘仰臥起坐)、背肌耐力、柔軟度(坐姿體前彎)和心肺耐力(三分鐘登階)等。資料以SPSS for window 17.0進行統計分析。 結果：護理人員體適能平均值為：握力26.33±5.76；腹肌耐力25.74±9.32；背肌耐力37.86±13.52；柔軟度27.28±8.37以及心肺耐力56.89±10.06。除了腹肌耐力在分布中偏向「好」與「很好」﹔握力分布在「略差」與「中等」間﹔心肺耐力以「中等」居多﹔背肌耐力與柔軟度則傾向「略差」。 結論：護理人員體適能除腹肌耐力較好外，握力、背肌耐力與柔軟度偏向「略差」。整體而言，護理人員之體適能仍有待加強。因此本研究針對護理人員發展簡易易行的伸展操，提供相關單位在職場的健康促進上參考。

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are common occupational disorders. Nurses experience physical and mental fatigue in medical practice and are vulnerable to musculoskeletal injuries, which subsequently affect their physical fitness levels. We thus developed stretching exercises to improve nurses’ fitness and improve nursing quality.Purpose: To determine nurses’ fitness conditions and develop stretching exercises. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study nurses employed in a medical center in Central Taiwan. Through informed consent, 100 nurses participated in the physical fitness test. The test items comprise grip strength, abdominal muscle endurance (1-min sit-ups), back muscle endurance, flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (3-min step test). The data were subsequently analyzed using SPSS for window 17.0.Results: The average fitness scores of the nurses for grip strength, abdominal muscle endurance, back muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were 26.33 ± 5.76, 25.74 ± 9.32, 37.86 ± 13.52, 27.28 ± 8.37, and 56.89 ± 10.06, respectively. These scores indicated that the nurses’ abdominal muscle endurance were between good and excellent; grip strength were between inadequate and average; cardiorespiratory endurance were mostly average; and back muscle endurance and flexibility were nearly inadequate.Conclusion: The nurses demonstrated adequate abdominal muscle endurance, but grip strength, back muscle endurance, and flexibility were nearly inadequate. In summary, the fitness conditions of the nurses must still be improved. Therefore, we developed convenient stretching exercises for nurses as a reference for relevant institutions in occupational health promotion.