Increased plasma soluble CD40 ligand concentration in pelvic inflammatory disease

Background: The role of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) remains unclear. We sought to determine whether sCD40L was an efficient serum marker as with WBC and CRP in PID patients. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the plasma levels of sCD40L before and after routine protocol treatments in sixty-four PID patients and seventy healthy controls. Results: The level of plasma sCD40L (pg/ml) was significantly elevated in PID patients (1632.83 ± 270.91) compared to that in normal controls (700.33 ± 58.77; p= 0.001) and decreased significantly as compared to that in the same patients (928.77 ± 177.25; p= 0.0001) after they received treatment. The concentration of sCD40L was significantly correlated with the level of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood (r = 0.202, p= 0.01, n = 134). When the cutoff level of plasma sCD40L levels was determined to be 1612.26. pg/ml based on ROC, the sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve of plasma sCD40L level for predicting PID were 0.26, 0.97, and 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.68), respectively, while the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their 95% CI of plasma sCD40L for PID risk was 7.09 (95% CI = 1.14-43.87, p= 0.03). Conclusions: The expression of plasma sCD40L was increased in patients with PID and detection of plasma sCD40L could be useful for the diagnosis of PID.