中高齡職務再設計流程現況探討與改善研究

全球現階段正面臨人口老化問題，臺灣也是如此。人口結構變動往往會影響國家的生產力，為維持國家一定程度的生產力，政府往往會推出相關政策以提高中高(高)齡者勞動參與率。而當中的政策之一便為推動中高齡職務再設計。然而，其服務流程中的實際進場評估步驟，因評估流程與表單不明確(開放式填寫)，致效率不彰。本研究透過分析進場評估作業流程與相關表單，期能增進評估速度並提供更精準的改善建議。本研究以勞動部勞動力發展署之「推動職務再設計服務計畫」為主體，並參考「中高齡及高齡工作者作業安全衛生指引」及「人因性危害防止研究計畫」之介入模式，融入現行中高齡職務再設計進場評估流程中，透過分析2019年及2020年中部地區廠商接受中高齡職務再設計進場評估之現況，以改善現有之進場評估相關表單。依據上述資料建置中高齡職務再設計進場評估流程圖及相關表單，其中表單包含：「職務再設計補助申請書-工作檢核表」、「職務再設計訪視評估與建議表」(修改版)、及「改善方案建議表」(圖庫式)。爾後，將表單投入實際評估流程中，並於使用後發放問卷調查以確認使用狀況。針對3張表單的使用狀況，使用問卷提供輔導團委員填寫，本問卷採用不記名方式，共計10份問卷。「職務再設計補助申請書-工作檢核表」可以提高入廠評估效率平均分數為3.9；「職務再設計訪視評估與建議表」(修改版) 可以提高入廠評估效率平均分數為3.6；及「改善方案建議表」(圖庫式) 可以提高入廠評估效率平均分數為4.2。本研究發展出於申請階段書寫之「職務再設計補助申請書-工作檢核表」、進場評估時使用之「職務再設計訪視評估與建議表」(修改版)及「改善方案建議表」(圖庫式)，經由輔導團委員問卷調查，顯示委員同意能有效的提升中高齡職務再設計進場評估速度及提供更精準的改善建議，建議持續應用於實際現場評估，並依據實際狀況定期檢討並進行調整，以增進其完備性。

The world is currently facing the problem of aging population, so is Taiwan. Changes in the demographic structure often affect the country’s productivity. To maintain a certain level of national productivity, the government often introduces relevant policies to increase the labor participation rate of the middle age (Elderly) group. One of the policies is to promote the job accommodation for middle age. However, the actual entry evaluation steps in the service process are not efficient due to the unclear evaluation process and forms (open-ended). This research analyzes the approach assessment workflow and related forms, hoping to increase the assessment speed and provide more accurate improvement suggestions.This research is based on the "Promotion of Job Accommodation Service Plan" of the Workforce Development Agency,Ministry of Labor, and refer to the intervention mode of "Operational Safety and Health Guidelines for Middle-aged and Elderly Workers" and "The Study of Ergonomics Hazard Prevention Program", and integrates into assessment process of the job accommodation for middle age.Analyze the current situation of middle-aged and elderly workers assessments conducted by manufacturers in the central region in 2019 and 2020 to improve the existing evaluation related forms. Based on the above data, construct the flow chart of the redesign assessment and related forms for middle-aged and elderly workers. The forms include: "Job Accommodation Subsidy Application-Work Check Checklist", "Job Accommodation Evaluation and Recommendation Form" (modified Version), and "Improvement Proposal Form" (in gallery format). After that, use the form in the actual evaluation process, and issue a questionnaire after use to confirm the status of use.Regarding the usage status of the 3 forms, questionnaires are used to provide guidance team members to fill in. This questionnaire adopts an anonymous method, with a total of 10 questionnaires. "Job Accommodation Subsidy Application-Work Check Checklist" can increase the average score of evaluation efficiency is 3.9. "Job Accommodation Evaluation and Recommendation Form" (modified Version) can increase the average score of evaluation efficiency is 3.6; and the "Improvement Proposal Form" (in gallery format) can increase the average score of evaluation efficiency is 4.2.The development of this research is based on the"Job Accommodation Subsidy Application-Work Check Checklist" written at the application stage, the "Job Accommodation Evaluation and Recommendation Form" (modified Version) and the "Improvement Proposal Form" (in gallery format)used in the on-site evaluation. Through the questionnaire survey of the counseling team members, it is shown that the members agree that it can effectively improve the speed of job accommodation evaluation for middle-aged and elderly works and provide more accurate improvement suggestions. The recommendations should continue to be applied to actual on-site evaluations and be based on actual conditions on a regular basis. Review and make adjustments to improve its completeness.