輔酶Q10與食道癌之關聯： 一項性別年齡配對的病例對照研究

研究目的：本研究旨在探討食道癌與血漿輔酶Q10（Coenzyme Q10）濃度之間的關係，透過控制干擾因子，評估血漿輔酶Q10濃度是否作為食道癌風險之預測指標，並進一步分析血漿輔酶Q10濃度與總膽固醇（Total Cholesterol , TC）、身體質量指數（Body Mass Index , BMI）及其他可能相關因子如性別、吸菸、飲酒、嚼檳榔、教育程度之間的交互關係。研究方法：本研究採用病例對照研究設計，以中央研究院所收集的臺灣人體生物資料庫（Taiwan Biobank）資料，共收集23對性別與年齡配對之食道癌病例組與健康對照組。以描述性統計分析受試者的基本特徵，並利用配對t檢定比較血漿輔酶Q10濃度、血脂指標與BMI於兩組間之差異。進一步以皮爾森相關分析探討血漿輔酶Q10濃度與血脂指標、BMI之關聯性，並進行多元線性複迴歸分析不同變項對血漿輔酶Q10濃度之影響。最後，使用條件式羅吉斯迴歸分析血漿輔酶Q10濃度與罹患食道癌風險之相關性。結果：研究結果顯示，食道癌病例組之血漿輔酶Q10濃度顯著低於對照組（p < 0.0001），且血漿輔酶Q10濃度與TC（r = 0.65；p < 0.0001）、HDL-C（r = 0.58；p < 0.0001）及LDL-C（r = 0.55；p < 0.0001）之間具有顯著正相關，與TG（r = -0.23；p = 0.11）呈負相關，與BMI（r = 0.17；p = 0.24）呈正相關，兩者皆未達統計顯著。在多元線性複迴歸分析中，食道癌與血漿輔酶Q10濃度呈顯著負向關聯（β= -0.78；p = 0.0021）。在條件式羅吉斯迴歸分析中，在控制性別、吸菸、飲酒與嚼檳榔等變項後，BMI（OR = 1.50；p = 0.05）與教育程度（OR = 1.60；p = 0.03）均與罹患食道癌風險呈顯著正向關聯。結論：本研究發現，罹患食道癌者的血漿輔酶Q10濃度顯著低於對照組，且在控制性別、吸菸、飲酒、嚼檳榔、TC、BMI與教育程度因素後，仍呈現顯著負相關。

Purpose：This study aims to explore the relationship between esophageal cancer and plasma coenzyme Q10 levels. By controlling for confounding factors, it evaluates whether plasma coenzyme Q10 levels can serve as a predictive marker for the risk of esophageal cancer. Furthermore, the study investigates the interactions between plasma coenzyme Q10 levels and various factors, including total cholesterol (TC), body mass index (BMI), and other potential related factors such as gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and education level.Method：This study adopts a case-control design, utilizing data from the Taiwan Biobank collected by the Academia Sinica. A total of 23 pairs of age- and gender-matched esophageal cancer cases and healthy controls were included. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the basic characteristics of the participants. Paired t-tests were employed to compare the differences in plasma coenzyme Q10 levels, lipid profiles, and BMI between the two groups. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationships between plasma coenzyme Q10 levels and lipid profiles as well as BMI. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of various factors on plasma coenzyme Q10 levels. Finally, conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the association between plasma coenzyme Q10 levels and the risk of developing esophageal cancer.Result：The findings showed that plasma coenzyme Q10 levels were significantly lower in esophageal cancer cases compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Plasma coenzyme Q10 concentrations were positively correlated with TC( r = 0.65; p < 0.0001), HDL-C (r = 0.58; p < 0.0001), and LDL-C (r = 0.55; p < 0.0001), and negatively correlated with TG ( r = –0.23; p = 0.11). A positive correlation was also observed with BMI (r = 0.17; p = 0.24), although both associations were not statistically significant. In multiple linear regression analysis, esophageal cancer was significantly and negatively associated with plasma coenzyme Q10 levels (β = –0.78; p = 0.0021). In conditional logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel nut chewing, both BMI (OR = 1.50; p = 0.05) and education level (OR = 1.60; p = 0.03) were significantly and positively associated with the risk of esophageal cancer.Conclusion：The study found that plasma coenzyme Q10 levels were significantly lower in individuals with esophageal cancer compared to the control group. After controlling for factors such as gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, lipid profiles, BMI, and education level, a significant negative correlation remained.