The protective effect of luteolin on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate in macrophages involved in DNA damage and caspases activation

Bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA) is one of the most commonly used monomer in biomedical field, especially in dentistry and orthopedics. BisGMA could leach from the thermoset or light-cured biomaterials after polymerization and result in immunological responses. Luteolin is a flavonoid which expresses multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-hypertension, anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, anti-cancer, and antitumor. In this study, we found that luteolin inhibited BisGMA-induced cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, not only the BisGMA-induced DNA damage and genotoxicity, but also the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 were reduced by luteolin in a parallel, concentration-dependent manner. These results indicated luteolin reduced BisGMA-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages via DNA damage and its upstream factors which are caspase-3, -8, and -9.