國中生知覺父母心理控制對攻擊行為的影響：以社會訊息處理歷程為中介變項

本研究旨在探討國中生知覺父母心理控制(父親心理控制與母親心理控制)、社會訊息處理歷程(意圖歸因、反應建立與反應決定)及攻擊行為(外顯攻擊與關係攻擊)之間的關係，並了解社會訊息處理歷程在兩者之間的中介效果。研究採用問卷調查法，以台中市之國民中學一至三年級學生為研究對象，採用實體問卷之方式進行收案，回收問卷共300份，其中有效問卷為285份。使用描述性統計、t檢定、變異數分析、卡方檢定、皮爾森積差相關、階層迴歸及中介效果分析等統計方式分析研究資料，並探討研究之結果。研究之結論總結如下：一、 國中學生知覺之父母心理控制、社會訊息處理歷程及攻擊行為皆屬低度。二、 在性別上，國中女生在意圖歸因及關係攻擊之得分顯著高於男生，並較常設定展現控制感及不理會對方之行為目標；國中男生在外顯攻擊之分數顯著高於女生。在年級上，國中三年級學生在關係攻擊之得分顯著高於一年級學生。在手足排序上，排行中間的國中學生在意圖歸因的分數顯著高於排行老么的學生。三、 除父親心理控制與意圖歸因兩者未有相關外，父母心理控制與社會訊息處理歷程各步驟皆有顯著正相關，也與關係攻擊和外顯攻擊有顯著正相關；社會訊息處理歷程各步驟與關係攻擊和外顯攻擊皆有顯著正相關。四、 父母心理控制總分能正向預測社會訊息處理歷程總分，而父母心理控制總分與社會訊息處理歷程總分能一同正向預測攻擊行為總分，其中社會訊息處理歷程總分可以正向部分中介父母心理控制與攻擊行為總分。五、 父親心理控制能正向預測社會訊息處理歷程中的反應建立及反應決定。與社會訊息處理歷程共同預測攻擊行為時，父親心理控制能正向預測外顯攻擊；父親心理控制與意圖歸因、反應建立能正向預測關係攻擊。六、 母親心理控制能正向預測社會訊息處理歷程各步驟。與社會訊息處理歷程共同預測攻擊行為時，母親心理控制、反應建立及反應決定能正向預測外顯攻擊；母親心理控制與意圖歸因、反應建立能正向預測關係攻擊。七、 反應決定能部分正向中介父親、母親心理控制與外顯攻擊；反應建立能部分正向中介父親心理控制與關係攻擊，而意圖歸因和反應建立能部分正向中介母親心理控制與關係攻擊。研究結果發現父母心理控制會影響到青少年的社會訊息處理歷程，並直接和間接影響青少年的攻擊行為。此發現可提供師長及相關專業人員作為參考，針對高風險家庭的青少年給予適當的提醒與引導，以減少青少年在社交互動情境中的攻擊行為。

This study aims to explore the relationship between perceived parental psychological control (paternal and maternal psychological control), social information processing (intent attribution, response construction, and response decision), and aggressive behavior (overt aggression and relational aggression) among junior high school students, and to understand the mediating effect of SIP in the relationship between parental psychological control and aggressive behavior. A questionnaire survey was conducted, targeting students from grades 7 to 9 in junior high schools in Taichung City. A total of 300 questionnaires were collected, with 285 valid responses. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, hierarchical regression, and mediation analysis. The findings are summarized as follows:1. Perceived parental psychological control, SIP steps, and aggressive behavior among junior high students were all low.2. Gender differences revealed that junior high school girls scored significantly higher than boys in intent attributions and relational aggression, while boys scored significantly higher than girls in overt aggression. Grade differences showed that ninth-grade students scored significantly higher in relational aggression compared to seventh-grade students. In terms of sibling order, middle children scored significantly higher in intent attributions compared to the youngest children.3. Except for the lack of correlation between paternal psychological control and intent attributions, parental psychological control were significantly positively correlated with all steps of SIP and both relational and overt aggression. Each step of SIP was also significantly positively correlated with both forms of aggression.4. Total scores of parental psychological control positively predicted total scores of SIP steps, and together, total scores of parental psychological control and total scores of SIP steps positively predicted total aggression scores. Moreover, total SIP scores partially mediated the relationship between total parental psychological control and total aggression scores.5. Paternal psychological control positively predicted response construction and response decision in SIP. When combined with SIP steps, paternal psychological control positively predicted overt aggression; paternal psychological control, along with intent attribution and response construction, positively predicted relational aggression.6. Maternal psychological control positively predicted each step of SIP. When combined with SIP steps, maternal psychological control, response construction, and response decision positively predicted overt aggression; maternal psychological control, along with intent attribution and response construction, positively predicted relational aggression.7. Response decision partially mediated the relationship between both paternal and maternal psychological control and overt aggression; response construction partially mediated the relationship between paternal psychological control and relational aggression, while intent attribution and response construction partially mediated the relationship between maternal psychological control and relational aggression.The findings suggest that parental psychological control affects adolescent’s SIP steps and directly and indirectly influences their aggressive behavior. These insights can serve as a reference for parent, teachers, and professionals to provide appropriate guidance and reminders for adolescents from high-risk families, aiming to reduce aggressive behaviors in social interactions.