民眾對COVID-19的恐懼與就醫行為之探討

2022年的今日，全世界正在面臨共同的敵人「COVID-19」，它具有很強的傳染性，並迅速傳播到世界各地。人們在面對未知病毒所帶來的衝擊，最常發生與直接的反應是「恐懼」，民眾因為對感染COVID-19的恐懼而害怕進入醫院，造成就診量14年來首次負成長。本研究透過問卷調查瞭解民眾在COVID-19大流行期間的恐懼程度及就醫行為，探討民眾的就醫行為是否與對COVID-19的恐懼程度有關聯。 本研究以台灣地區年滿18歲以上的一般民眾為研究對象，採用Google表單做線上問卷收集工具，共蒐集300份有效問卷。統計分析使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析，分析民眾的就醫行為不同所產生COVID-19恐懼程度的差異，以多元迴歸分析性別、年齡、就醫行為對COVID-19恐懼程度的影響。研究結果發現:一、在疫情期間若身體不適，民眾優先選擇就醫機構是「診所」，其主要原因為就醫可近性與方便性。二、民眾的就醫行為不同對於COVID-19的恐懼程度是有差異，重覆就醫、拒絕就醫，對於COVID-19的恐懼程度達到顯著差異。三、台灣民眾對COVID-19的恐懼程度是「中等程度」。「性別」在恐懼程度上有顯著差異，女性相較於男性對於COVID-19的恐懼較大。此結果可供衛生主管機關對於制定新興傳染疾病的疫情控制政策制定之參考。

The whole world is facing a common enemy "COVID-19", which is highly contagious and rapidly spreading around the world in 2022. In the face of the impact of the unknown virus, the most common and direct response is "fear". People are afraid to enter the hospital because of the fear of contracting COVID-19, resulting in the first negative growth in the number of medical visits in 14 years. This study uses a questionnaire survey to understand people's fear level and medical treatment behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, and explores whether people's medical treatment behavior is related to the level of fear of COVID-19. This study takes the general population over 18 years old in Taiwan as the research object, using Google Forms as an online questionnaire collection tool, and collecting a total of 300 valid questionnaires. Statistical analysis Using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way analysis of variance to analyze the differences in the degree of fear of COVID-19 caused by people's different medical behaviors, and to analyze the degree of fear of COVID-19 by gender, age, and medical behaviors using multiple regression Impact.The results of the study found:1. If people feel unwell during the epidemic, the first choice for the public to seek medical treatment is the "clinic". The main reason is the accessibility and convenience of medical treatment.2. People’s fear levels of COVID-19 vary according to their medical behaviors. Repeated medical treatment or refusal to seek medical treatment results in significant differences in their fear of COVID-19.3. The level of fear among Taiwanese people about COVID-19 is "moderate". There is a significant difference in the level of fear of "gender", and women are more afraid of COVID-19 than men.This result can serve as a reference for health authorities to formulate epidemic control policies for emerging infectious diseases.