山藥對於小白鼠腸胃道菌叢及消化酵素的影響

山藥是一種藥食兼用的植物，具有健胃、降血糖、抗衰老等功效，近年來成為國內積極推廣的保健食品之一。有鑑於日本與台灣食用山藥的方式不同，因此，本實驗的目的在探討山藥在生食與熟食不同濃度的處理之下對小白鼠胃腸道功能及酵素作用的影響。實驗是將三種品系的山藥：大汕二品系、名間長紅與日本山藥分別以生食與熟食處理，再分成10 %及20 %，添加進飼料中餵食，另以不添加山藥為控制組，飼育2、4、8週後犧牲，測定盲腸內的有益菌種雙叉桿菌(Bifidobacterium)、乳酸桿菌(Lactobacilli)，並測定腸道消化酵素的變化及一氧化氮(Nitric acid；NO)。結果發現，在餵食山藥的組別Bifidobacterium幾乎均有增加的現象，Lactobacilli也同樣有增加的現象與控制組比較(P<0.05)，另外腸道消化酵素Trypsin活性有明顯增加的情形，而NO濃度也有增高的現象。整體而言，山藥以生或熟食的攝取方式其效果均非常相似。本實驗證實，山藥具有改變胃腸內有益菌叢(microflora)及提昇胃腸道機能的功效。 關鍵詞：山藥、腸道菌叢、胰蛋白酶、一氧化氮

Abstract Dioscorea is an edible plant with multiple medical functions such as anti-hyperglycemic and anti-aging effects. Recently, dioscorea becomes one of the most popular foods. Taiwan and Japan have apparently different way for consuming dioscorea. Therefore, it remains unknown that cooking process affects the bioactivity of dioscorea. This study was to investigate the effect of uncooked and cooked dioscorea alata (Wild yam), as well as the influence of dioscorea concentrations on gastrointestinal microflora and enzymes activities in mice. In this experiment, three species dioscorea (Dioscorea alata L., Dioscorea alata L. Var. Purpurea M. Pouch. and Dioscorea japonica L.) were used. These samples were divided into cooked and uncooked, and each at 10 % and 20 % were added into the diet of mice. The control group was fed with AIN-76 diet. Mice were sacrificed after two, four, and eight weeks feeding, respectively. Then, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli colonies were counted. The activity of several enzymes such as trypsin, leucine amino peptidase, and Nitric acid (NO) level was determined. Results showed that the colony numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli in mice with dioscorea-feeding were significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared with control group. On the other hand, trypsin activity and NO level in dioscorea-feeding mice significantly increase (p<0.05), Based on the observed increased Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli colonies and trypsin activity, our data supported that both cooked or uncooked dioscorea were helpful for gastrointestinal bio-functions in mice. Keywords：Dioscorea alata (wild yam), intestinal microflora, trypsin, NO level.