鈦、氧化鋯與PEEK牙科植體之材料導向表面處理策略

隨著對長效且生物相容性良好的牙科植體需求日益增加，植體材料的選擇變得愈加關鍵。本論文針對鈦金屬、氧化鋯與聚醚醚酮（PEEK）三種植體材料進行比較分析，探討其本質特性、生物學表現及表面改質策略。鈦具備高機械強度與優異的骨整合能力，但可能引發周圍炎及金屬離子釋放問題。氧化鋯擁有良好美觀性與軟組織相容性，惟其脆性限制其應用；PEEK為高性能高分子材料，具良好應力分散與生物相容性，但須經表面功能化以促進骨整合。體內外研究顯示三種材料在細胞附著、成骨潛能與細菌黏附方面表現各異。多種表面改質方法，如SLA、雷射處理、電漿活化、紫外照射及生物活性塗層，皆可有效提升其生物學表現。此外，老化、骨質疏鬆與糖尿病等系統性疾病亦影響植體成功率，突顯個別化治療策略的重要性。本研究強調整合材料選擇與目標性表面處理，為提升牙科植體長期效能提供關鍵方向。

With the growing demand for long-lasting and biocompatible dental implants, the choice of implant materials has become increasingly critical. This thesis provides a comparative analysis of titanium, zirconia, and polyetheretherketone (PEEK), focusing on their intrinsic properties, biological performance, and surface modification strategies. Titanium exhibits high strength and excellent osseointegration but is associated with peri-implant inflammation and potential metal ion release. Zirconia offers aesthetic benefits and soft tissue compatibility but is limited by its brittleness. PEEK, a high-performance polymer, shows favorable biocompatibility and stress distribution but requires extensive surface functionalization to support bone integration. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal distinct differences in cell attachment, osteogenic potential, and bacterial adhesion among these materials. A wide range of surface engineering approaches—including SLA, laser treatment, plasma activation, UV irradiation, and bioactive coatings—have been explored to improve biological outcomes. Additionally, systemic conditions such as aging, osteoporosis, and diabetes may compromise implant success, highlighting the need for individualized treatment strategies. This thesis emphasizes the integration of material selection with targeted surface modifications to improve long-term implant performance.