國小教師對第一型糖尿病學童疾病知識與態度之相關探討

背景：第一型糖尿病是兒童最常見的慢性代謝疾病之一，發病高峰多介於學齡期，第一型糖尿病學童在校園中經常需要醫療及教育的協助，而在教師的養成教育中，學校教師對第一型糖尿病相關的培訓機會相當低的，而學校教師對第一型糖尿病學童之疾病知識與態度可能影響病童的HbA1c水平，關係著病童在學校中的照護與學習成效。因此本研究目的主要探討國小教師對第一型糖尿病學童疾病知識與態度之相關性。方法：為橫斷式描述性的研究設計，採集束隨機抽樣，抽取臺中市四所國民小學，研究工具包含：國小教師基本屬性、國小教師之第一型糖尿病知識量表、國小教師對照顧第一型糖尿病學童之態度量表，所收集的資料使用套裝軟體SPSS 20.0版軟體進行描述性及推論性統計分析。結果：於民國110年10月04日至10月29日止，共收案344名國小教師，回收問卷總數為194份有效問卷，問卷回收率56.4%，國小教師之第一型糖尿病知識量表平均答對率78%，國小教師對照顧第一型糖尿病學童之態度量表平均得分為48.82±5.87分，國小教師之第一型糖尿病知識與照顧第一型糖尿病學童之態度有顯著正相關。結論：加強國小教師的知識程度、提升國小教師對照顧第一型糖尿病學童之態度，可有助於提升第一型糖尿病學童在校園生活中對第一型糖尿病的疾病管理與控制。

Background: Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases in children. The peak incidence occurs mostly at school age. Children with type 1 diabetes often need medical and educational assistance in school. School teachers have relatively low training opportunities for type 1 diabetes. Besides, school teachers' knowledge and attitudes about children with type 1 diabetes may affect the HbA1c level of sick children, which is related to the care and children’s learning effectiveness in school. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the knowledge and attitudes of teachers toward children with type 1 diabetes in elementary school.Methods: Designed for a cross-sectional descriptive study, the collection bundle was randomly sampled, and four national elementary schools in Taichung City were selected. The research tools included: the basic attributes of elementary school teachers, Elementary school teachers' Type 1 Diabetes Knowledge Scale, Elementary School Teachers' Attitude Scale for Caring for Type 1 Diabetic Children. The data were collected for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with SPSS 20.0.Results: From October 4th to October 29th, 2021, a total of 344 elementary school teachers were received. The total number of returned questionnaires was 194 valid questionnaires, and the questionnaire recovery rate was 56.4%. The average correct answer rate of the Type 1 Diabetes Knowledge Scale for elementary school teachers was 78%. The elementary school teachers' average score for taking care of children with type 1 diabetes is 48.82±5.87 points, a positive correlation.Conclusion: Strengthening the knowledge of elementary school teachers and improving elementary school teachers’ attitudes toward taking care of children with type 1 diabetes can help improve the disease management and control of type 1 diabetes in school life for children with type 1 diabetes.