Relationship between Coffee Consumption and Osteoporosis Risk Determined by the ESR1 Polymorphism rs2982573

Background: The development of osteoporosis is partly explained by interactions between genetic and lifestyle or environmental factors. Objectives: In the current study, we determined the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of osteoporosis among individuals with ESR1 rs2982573 in Taiwan. Design, Participants and Setting: In this population-based cross-sectional study, we used genetic, demographic, and lifestyle data from participants recruited in Taiwan Biobank (TWB) between 2016 and 2019. We used multiple logistic regression analyses to determine the relationship between osteoporosis and variant rs2982573 genotypes (TT, TC, and CC). Main Outcome: The primary outcome was osteoporosis. Results: Individuals with osteoporosis (n = 515) were older than those without the disease (mean age ±SE (year); 61.324±0.361 versus 53.068 ±0.130, p<0.001). There was no significant association between rs2982573 and osteoporosis (OR, 0.904; 95% CI, 0.706–1.157; p=0.422 for TC+CC when compared with the TT genotype). Coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis (OR, 0.737; 95% CI, 0.592–0.918; p=0.006). The p-value for interaction between rs2982573 and coffee consumption was 0.0393. In our subgroup analyses, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 0.635 (0.410–0.985) in coffee drinking TC+CC individuals and 1.095 (0.809–1.482) in non-coffee drinking TC+CC individuals, respectively when compared with their TT genotype counterparts. Conclusion: According to our study, participants in the TWB with the TC+CC genotype of ESR1 rs2982573 who consumed at least three cups of coffee per week were less likely to have osteoporosis.