用生命陪伴生命的愛：兒少安置機構生活輔導員之工作經驗探究

安置機構從以往權控、集體的照顧方式，逐漸轉變為仿「家」的服務模式，期望讓安置兒少擁有在「家」感。因此，在安置「家」中第一線的生輔員扮演著「專業助人者」或「照顧者」具多重身份的角色，並承擔著主要的照顧與教養責任。然而因安置場域與兒少的特殊性，使生輔員在提供服務的過程中經歷了多重的壓力與困境。因此，本研究以質性研究的方式，訪問8位於兒少安置機構擔任生活輔導員之工作者，以了解生輔員對自我角色之定位、在安置場域中面臨的壓力困境，並提出後續的因應之道。研究發現：1. 生輔員之角色定位：受訪者因年齡、專業倫理、外在社會環境的因素，而不完全認為自己是「親職」的角色，部分受訪者以「哥哥」、「姊姊」的角色形象自居，部分受訪者則認為自己處於「雙重角色」，而部分受訪者則在「專業助人者」與「照顧者」的位置中來回擺盪。2. 壓力與困境：生輔員主要的壓力是來自於安置機構的特殊性與在扮演角色時所面臨的角色壓力，包含：角色模糊、角色內的衝突、角色間的衝突、角色過度負荷與角色矮化五個面向。3. 因應之道：面對場域中的困境，受訪者紛紛提出與兒少工作之生存之道為（1）關係的修復與轉換（2）先有原則，再有彈性（3）工作中的敏感度（4）當一個有溫度的助人者（5）學習自我反思與反省。而持續生輔工作的動力與能量是來自（1）督導與同事的支持（2）兒少的成長與回饋（3）認同生輔角色價值。最後研究者針對上述的結果提出建議與反思，並說明本篇研究之限制。

Residential children’s home has begun to shift from the focus on power, control and group care to a service model that mimics “homes” in hopes of letting the children and adolescents feel at home. Thus, residential workers, who are the forefront workers of residential homes, play the multiple roles, like the “helpful professional” and the “caretaker”, or even the “substitute parents ”. They also bear most of the caretaking and teaching responsibilities while working. However, due to the vert special characteristics of residential children’s home, that is, all of the residents who children and adolescents, for the reason that the residential workers face tremendous stress and difficulties when offering their services. Therefore, this research conducted a qualitative study by interviewing eight residential workers from residential children’s home in order to understand how do the residential workers define their own roles, and to explore the stress and the difficulties that they are facing while working in the residential environment. The results of this research are as follows:The roles of residential workers: Because of the relatively young ages of workers (all of them are between 20-30 years old), professional ethics that they were trained and social environmental factors, the interviewees do not completely agree with the term “parents” or "substitute parents" for their own role. While some of them define themselves as “brothers” or “sisters”, others are having ddual roles and others are indecisive between the terms “helpful professional” and “caretaker”.Stress and difficulties: Residential workers are primarily stressed by the special characteristics of residential children’s home, and the stress that lies within the roles they play, including the following five points: unclear roles, conflicts within their roles, conflicts between different roles, too much burden on the roles and the degradation of their roles. Solutions: The interviewees all mentioned that in order to keep working well with the residents, they must: (1) Restore and transform relationships frequently between worker and residents, (2) Stick to the rules on residents, therefore the flexibility of rules is possible, (3) Be sensitive while working, (4) Be a helpful and professional worker with “warmth”, and (5) Be reflexive all the time. The motivations and source of energy for them to keep their job are the followings: (1) Supports from their supervisor and colleagues, (2) The well-growth of residents and their feedback, and (3) Recognizing the value of the role that caretakers are playing. At the last part of this research, we offer our possible advice and our reflections based on the mentioned findings, and state the limits of this research.