提升病毒類生物氣膠採樣效率之方法評估

流感(influenza)是台灣重要的呼吸道傳染病，每年引起流行，甚至造成死亡。其病原為A型及B型流感病毒。病毒主要藉由飛沫傳播，因此，若能針對病毒生物氣膠建立其採樣技術，即可利用該技術提早針對高風險之環境進行監測，進而對流感病毒在環境中的監察有預警作用。本研究係在生物安全操作櫃(biological safety cabinet; BSC)產生不同濃度A型及B型流感病毒之生物氣膠，來模擬病毒暴露環境中的狀況，接著由生物氣膠採樣器(AGI-30 impinger、Biosampler)捕集，評估不同採樣介質(含細胞或含聚乙二醇6000)之病毒採樣效率。病毒的相對的定性及定量檢由反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR)進行檢測。結果顯示，Biosampler的採集效率比AGI-30來得更好。在採樣介質添加聚乙二醇6000兩種生物氣膠採樣器其靈敏度均提升十倍。此研究針對該技術在不同環境中流感病毒的監測之可行性，如醫療機構、家畜養殖場和其他公共場所，期許能提供相關衛生單位有效監測疫情之發展。

Influenza is an important respiratory disease in Taiwan and cause epidemic every year. The pathogens are influenza A and B viruses. The transmission of the virus is mainly through air droplets. Establishment of bioaerosol sampling techniques can be applied to monitor virus existed in an environment for early awareness. In this study, we try to design an equipment to collect and to detect influenza A and B viruses in bioaerosol. We create bioaerosol containing viruses to simulate the actual state of the environment, and the bioaerosol was collected with two different bioaerosol samplers (AGI-30 impinger and Biosampler) containing cell culture medium or culture medium plus polyethylene glycol 6000 as the collecting fluid. Viruses were detected by traditional cell culture method and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The results showed that the efficiency of Biosampler was better than AGI-30 impinger. By addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 in the collecting fluid, the sensitivities were increased with ten folds in both bioaerosol samplers. This study indicated our equipment may be applied to monitor influenza virus in different environments such as hospitals, poultry farms, and other public area.