添加益生菌幼兒配方乳粉對腸道菌相之影響

本研究將40位幼童隨機分成2組，一組（n=20）攝食添加Lactobacillus acidophilus 、Lactobacillus casei 及Bifidobacterium lactis三株益生菌的A配方成長奶粉，另一組（n=20）則攝食無添加益生菌之B配方成長奶粉。本研究進行7週，試驗分成三個階段，第一階段為一週的飲食調整期(run-in period)，第二階段為四週的攝食期(administration period)，每天每位幼童給予3包(每包38公克)配方成長奶粉之沖泡奶 ，第三階段為停止攝食後，為期2週的觀察期（follow-up period）。本研究主要測定添加益生菌配方之成長奶粉對幼童糞便中雙叉桿菌(Bifidobacterium spp.)、乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus spp.)、產氣莢膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)及大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli)的影響。結果顯示，幼童攝食益生菌奶可使腸道中雙叉桿菌及乳酸桿菌均顯著增加（p＜0.05），並使腸道中有害菌產氣莢膜梭菌的菌落數顯著減少（p＜0.05）。攝食無添加益生菌之B配方成長奶粉則均無顯著影響。本研究結論，幼童補充益生菌奶可顯著增加有益菌菌數及提高腸道中有益菌菌數及有害菌菌落數之比值，具有明顯改善幼童腸道菌相的功效。

Forty healthy children were involved in the study. They were randomly assigned into the following two groups (1) formula A, milk with probiotics （n=20；containing Lactobacillus acidophilus 、Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis）（2）formula B, milk without probiotics（n=20）.The experimental duration of this study was 7 weeks. One week before experiment was run-in period. Four weeks of continuous ingestion of formula A or formula B were administration period. Extra two weeks after administration were follow-up period. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of milk with probiotics on intestinal microflora (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli) for young healthy children .Results showed that the subjects supplemented with formula A milk significantly increased the colony counts of fecal Bifidobacterium spp.(p＜0.05)and Lactobacillus spp.( p＜0.05)and greatly decreased the colony counts of fecal C. perfringens (p＜0.05). Ingestion of formula B milk showed no effect on intestinal microflora. In conclusion, ingestion of formula A significantly increased the colony counts of probiotics.