應用跨理論模式探討南投縣高中職學生體重控制行為

肥胖對健康的負面影響是很大的，然而青少年肥胖的比率逐年上升，了解青少年體重控制的行為，並發展措施來協助他們體重控制是需要的。本研究目的是使用跨理論模式來瞭解南投地區高中職學生體重控制的情形，以及他們用來控制體重的方法。本研究採描述相關性研究法，以分層隨機方式抽樣，選取南投地區兩所高中及兩所高職的學生進行問卷調查，並以結構式問卷收集資料，有效樣本數為173名。由研究者赴學生就讀學校集合學生，當面發給問卷，由學生自行填答後，交回給研究者。研究結果為（1）研究對象的體重控制階段的分佈以動機期最多佔53.2%，人數最少的是維持期有14.5%。（2）運動及飲食控制是學生最常用來控制體重的方法。（3）不同體重控制階段的學生使用喚起意識、抵消條件、自我解放、自我再評價、社會解放這五種改變過程有顯著不同。動機前期的學生使用這五種過程的頻率比其他改變階段的學生為低。（4）不同體重控制階段學生的知覺體重控制利益與障礙有顯著不同，處在動機前期學生的知覺體重控制利益低於其他各期的學生。而動機期的學生比動機前期的學生知覺到比較多的體重控制障礙。（5）飲食控制及運動自我效能在不同體重控制階段之間有差異，動機前期低於行動期及維持期。本研究結果可提供未來在校園推廣體重控制計畫時的參考，以協助學生使用安全、有效的方法來達成體重控制。

Obesity has adverse effects on health. However, the percentage of obesity in adolescents is increasing. It is needed to understand weight-control behavior of adolescents and to develop interventions to assist weight control. The purpose of this study was to apply the Transtheoretical Model to understand weight-control behavior of senior high school students in Nantou County and how they controled weight. Two general and two vocational senior high schools in Nantou County were randomly selected. Then, 173 students were selected using cluster random sampling. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain data. Questionnaires were administered to students and were collected by the researcher in class. The findings of this study include: (1) The majority of the students is in the contemplation stage (53.2%), the minority is in the maintenance stage (14.5%). (2) Exercise and diet control are commonly used for weight control. (3) Processes of consciousness raising, counterconditioning, self-liberation, self-reevaluation, and social-liberation are used differently across stages of change. The students in the precontemplation stage use the 5 processes less frequently than those in the other stages. (4) Perceived exercise pros in weight control is different across the stages. Students in the precontemplation stage perceive less weight-control pros than those in the other stages. However, students in the contemplation stage perceive more exercise cons than those in the precontemplation stage. (5) Self-efficacy on diet control and exercise are different across the stages in which students in the precontemplation stage have lower self-efficacy than those in the action and maintenance stages. The findings of the study provide information about intervene weight control plans in high schools. This would assist students to control weight safely and effectively.