老化檢驗的探討

目的：老化是生物系統的退行性過程，在衰老的過程中，人體會逐漸失去器官和組織的正常功能，導致個體容易患上疾病和殘疾風險增加，最終至死亡。人類個體差異性大，即使年齡相同，衰老程度也未必相同，如何去檢驗老化的進程，是一個重要課題。近年來，關於老化相關生物標誌物的研究很多。本文目的是探討和整理出與老化相關的標誌物，以供量度生物年齡，評估老化程度，預防年齡相關的疾病，改善人體健康，提高健康的高齡化社會。方法：以文獻回顧形式，整理與年齡增長有關的生物標誌物，反映在老化過程中身體變化和老化相關疾病的關係。結論：目前為止，發現與衰老相關的生物學標誌物還有很多，但沒有普遍認可的老化的生物標誌物已被驗證應用在臨床上。本文以文獻回顧形式，總結一些與老化相關的身體功能指標、生理變化指標、分子生物學指標和新興指標，可反映老化過程中身體功能、生理狀態、認知狀態變化和老化相關疾病的關係。希望構建一套方法能推算生物年齡、評估老化程度和診斷老化相關疾病。

Objectives: Aging is a biologically degenerative process that progressively decline of normal functions in multiple organ systems and tissues, resulting in increasing susceptibility to many diseases, increasing risk of disability and finally leading to death. However, the individual aging process and its rate are significantly different even with the same age and similar physiological condition. Therefore, how to evaluate and define aging process is an important issue. In recent years, studies try to reveal aging-related biomarkers to measure biological age. In this review, I have summarized the effective and detectable biomarkers of aging for defining biological age, evaluating aging process, preventing age-related diseases, improving human health and raising a healthy aging society. Methods: Review the biomarkers which are reflected by body changes during aging and aging-related diseases. Conclusions: There are many biological markers were discovered to be related to aging, but no biomarkers have been validated for clinical application for aging detection. This thesis summarizes potential biomarkers of body function, physiology, molecular biology and emerging biomarkers related to aging. Through these measurable biomarkers, the thesis hopes to provide a reliable panel to categorize the biological age, to assess the degree of aging and to diagnose aging-related diseases.