口腔模擬環境下不同口腔肌肉功能裝置對人類牙周韌帶纖維母細胞的影響

咬合不正對於兒童及青少年而言是僅次齲齒和牙周病之後非常普遍的口腔疾病之一，從小長期使用奶嘴、母乳哺育或是張口呼吸都可能導致長大後咬合不正的風險。如果及時接受預防性或介入式矯正治療就可避免，甚至還有以後需矯正手術的風險，而目前較新的阻斷性矯正治療是藉由口腔肌肉功能訓練裝置去訓練兒童的口腔周圍肌肉軟組織位在正確的位置，讓牙齒能較正確的生長在正確的位置。對於口腔肌肉訓練功能裝置使用越來越多，其裝置之生物安全性研究報告少見，因此本研究目的為探討市面上不同材質之肌功能矯正裝置對於口腔細胞之生物相容性。本研究以培養人類牙周韌帶纖維母細胞，做為探討口腔肌肉功能裝置在口腔模擬環境下對於PDL細胞的毒性作用。實驗以不同廠牌的裝置經浸泡後之液體作用於PDL細胞，利用細胞存活率檢測觀察細胞的PDL細胞存活率，並以西方點墨法觀察細胞內的發炎以及骨重塑的表現變化。實驗結果顯示，EF line裝置在人工唾液環境中會降低PDL細胞的存活率，並隨著時間增加使存活率也明顯下降，在統計學上有顯著影響 (p < 0.05)。發炎表現方面，本研究發現只有第72小時下，各組別的COX-2蛋白表現量有明顯上升。骨重塑表現方面，發現各組別只有RANKL蛋白在第24小時和48小時有明顯上升。結語：根據實驗結果在口腔模擬環境下本實驗所使用的口腔肌肉功能裝置會對人類牙周韌帶纖維母細胞的生長產生影響並都有出現發炎反應的趨勢，而更多PDL細胞反應未來仍需進一步研究。

Malocclusion is one of the most common oral diseases for children and adolescents, after dental caries and periodontal disease. Long-term use of pacifiers, breastfeeding, or mouth breathing since childhood may lead to the risk of malocclusion when they grow up. If receive Preventive and Interceptive Treatment in time can avoid it, including the risk of needing corrective surgery in the future. Currently, the newer preventive treatment uses myofunctional appliances to train children's oral muscles in right place and allow teeth to erupt correctly in position. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of myofunctional appliances on human periodontal ligament fibroblast (PDL cells) in simulated oral environment. Different brands of appliances were used to treat PDL cells. Cell viability was evaluated using by MTT assay, and the expression of inflammation and bone remodeling were examined using by Western Blotting. The experimental results showed that the EF line appliances significantly decreased the viability of PDL cells in the artificial saliva environment (p < 0.05). The expression of inflammation showed that COX-2 in each group increased at 72 h and the expression of bone remodeling showed that RANKL increased in each group at 24 h and 48 h. Based on the findings, the myofunctional appliances used in our experiment affects the growth of human periodontal ligament fibroblast cell and exhibits a trend of inducing inflammatory responses in the simulated oral environment, and more PDL cell responses requires further research.