探討新冠肺炎疫情之下，照顧服務員人口特性、恆毅力於工作投入之影響

背景： 在新冠肺炎疫情的衝擊下，高染疫風險的工作環境可能對醫療從業人員的心理健康與工作表現造成負面影響。恆毅力被認為是促進工作投入的重要因素，能夠幫助從業人員在壓力環境中持續保持專注和熱情。然而，目前關於照顧服務員（nurse aide）在人口學特性、恆毅力與工作投入之間的關係研究仍然有限，特別是在疫情期間，相關影響因素尚未被充分探討。 目的： 本研究旨在調查照顧服務員的人口學特性、恆毅力與工作投入的現況及相關性，並進一步探索影響其工作投入的重要預測因子。 方法： 本研究採橫斷性研究設計，於2023年8月1日至2023年9月30日，以中部某區域醫院96名照顧服務員為研究對象進行調查。資料收集採結構式問卷，內容涵蓋社會人口學基本資料、恆毅力量表與工作投入量表。資料分析使用SPSS 25.0進行描述性統計、相關性分析及逐步回歸分析，檢測工作投入的相關因素及預測力。 結果： 研究結果顯示，年齡、婚姻狀況、育兒狀況、育兒最小年齡、工作年資、每週運動次數、每週工作時間、憂鬱症狀程度及恆毅力與工作投入呈顯著相關性。逐步回歸分析指出，每週運動2次（解釋變異量9.1%）、憂鬱症狀程度（21.0%）及恆毅力的熱情（5.5%）是影響工作投入的重要預測因子，共可解釋工作投入變異量的35.6%（F=12.182, p<.001）。 結論： 本研究證實，照顧服務員的恆毅力及其相關的人口學特性與工作投入密切相關。特別是每週運動2次、憂鬱症狀程度低以及恆毅力的熱情能顯著提升其工作投入。建議醫療機構鼓勵照顧服務員規律運動，並提供心理健康支持，如諮商服務與心理輔導，以減少憂鬱症狀。此外，建立明確的獎勵制度及工作目標規劃，協助照顧服務員增強成就感與熱情，進而提升整體工作投入水準。

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has created high-risk work environments that may negatively impact the mental health and job performance of healthcare workers. Grit, defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, is considered a crucial factor in promoting Job Engagement, helping individuals remain focused and motivated under pressure. However, studies investigating the relationships among demographic characteristics, grit, and Job Engagement of nurse aides, particularly during the pandemic, remain limited and warrant further exploration.Objective:This study aimed to examine the demographic characteristics, grit, and Job Engagement of nurse aides, as well as their correlations, and to identify significant predictors of Job Engagement.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1 to September 30, 2023, at a regional hospital in central Taiwan. A total of 96 nurse aides were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which included sections on demographic characteristics, the Grit Scale, and the Job Engagement Scale. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression, was performed using SPSS version 25.0 to identify factors associated with and predictive of Job Engagement.Results:The study revealed significant associations between Job Engagement and variables such as age, marital status, childcare responsibilities, youngest child’s age, years of employment at the current hospital, total years of work experience, weekly exercise frequency, weekly working hours, depressive symptom severity, and grit. Stepwise regression analysis identified weekly exercise frequency (9.1% of variance explained), depressive symptom severity (21.0%), and the passion component of grit (5.5%) as significant predictors of Job Engagement, collectively accounting for 35.6% of the variance (F = 12.182, p < .001).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that grit and demographic factors are closely associated with Job Engagement among nurse aides. Specifically, regular exercise (twice weekly), lower levels of depressive symptoms, and higher passion within grit significantly enhance Job Engagement. Healthcare organizations are encouraged to promote regular physical activity among nurse aides and provide mental health resources, such as counseling services, to reduce depressive symptoms. Additionally, implementing clear reward systems and goal-setting frameworks may help foster a sense of achievement and motivation, ultimately enhancing Job Engagement.