更年期婦女症狀困擾、情緒狀態與健康需求之相關性研究

目的：本研究目的在探討更年期婦女症狀困擾、情緒狀態與健康需求之相關性。方法：採橫斷式研究設計，以立意取樣法，選取中部某醫學中心婦產科門診之更年期婦女為研究對象進行資料收集。研究工具分別為更年期症狀困擾量表、貝克氏憂鬱量表、情境－特質焦慮量表、壓力知覺感受量表與健康需求量表，發出問卷80份，有效問卷50份，以SPSS 10.0統計軟體進行資料分析。結果，（一）症狀困擾頻率得分最高的前三項依序為：腰酸背痛、失眠與關節酸痛；症狀困擾嚴重度則為：失眠、腰酸背痛與關節酸痛；（二）憂鬱之平均得分為11.96±9.94，情境焦慮為43.42±12.93: 50%樣本達貝克氏憂鬱量表10分之標準，顯示有憂鬱傾向；（三）健康需求重要性依序為心理社會、訊息與生理需求；（四）更年期症狀困擾頻率、嚴重度顯著與憂鬱、焦慮情緒、壓力感受變項呈顯著正相關(p<0.05)，其相關係數介於0.29至0.62之間；自覺有情緒困擾者其更年期症狀困擾頻率與嚴重度分別顯著高於無情緒困擾者(t=2.21, p<0.05, t=2.59, p<0.05)。結論：根據以上結果，更年期婦女若能減輕更年期症狀困擾，將能降低其憂鬱、焦慮、壓力感受情緒狀態，護理人員可提供相關措施介入，以促進更年期婦女之健康。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among climacteric symptoms, mood status and health needs in menopausal women. Methods: In this cross-sectional and correlation study using a convenience sampling, we collected data from 50 climacteric women aged 47.78±4.73 recruited from a medical center in Taichung City. The subjects were administered questionnaires that collected demographic data and contained Symptom Disturbance Scale, Health Need Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale. Results: Low back pain, insomnia and joint pain were the most commonly reported frequency of climacteric symptoms with regard to frequency and severity. The mean scores for Beck Depression Inventory was 11.96±9.94, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was 43.42±12.93. Fifty percent of the subjects reached the 10 cutoff point score for depression. The importance of health needs were ranked as: psychosocial, informational and physical needs. We also found significant correlations between severity of climacteric symptoms significant correlations and depression, anxiety, and perceived stress (p<.05), with coefficients ranging from .29 to .62. Menopausal women with mood disturbance had significantly higher mean scores for climacteric symptoms with regard to both frequency and severity than those with no mood disturbance (t=2.21, p<.05; t=2.59, p<.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study support the view that the greater the number of climacteric symptoms, the more frequent and severe the depression, anxiety and stress. Nurses can use these findings to develop interventions to help improve the health of climacteric women.