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  1. Home
  2. College of Medicine /醫學院
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  4. 在魚類以及海鞘中尋找精氨酸甲基轉移酶並對其進行親源關係之分析
 
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在魚類以及海鞘中尋找精氨酸甲基轉移酶並對其進行親源關係之分析

Date Issued
2004
Author(s)
洪銓錨
Chuan Mao Hung
Advisor
李娟
Chuan Li, Ph.D.
URI
https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/w3usak
https://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/35051
Abstract
精氨酸甲基轉移酶(PRMT)基因家族的成員參與了細胞中許多生理作用,包括訊息傳遞、蛋白質在細胞中的定位,以及轉錄作用的調控等,而這些研究大部分是在哺乳類及酵母菌所進行的。在本研究中,我找到了人類的八個PRMT基因在兩種魚類裡的同源基因,此兩種魚類分別是河豚Takifugu rubripes (Fugu rubripes為舊的學名)以及斑馬魚Danio rerio。在蛋白質序列以及基因結構上,人類和魚類的PRMT基因,似乎有演化上的保留性。PRMT6與其他脊椎動物的PRMT基因相較之下,其蛋白質序列只編碼在一個exon中,而脊椎動物的其他PRMT基因的蛋白序列皆編碼在10到16個exon中。本研究並以斑馬魚的組織蛋白萃取物為樣本,利用西方墨點法來分析其中PRMT基因的表達狀況。此外,本研究更進一步發現了在無脊椎的脊索動物─海鞘Ciona intestinalis裡的六個PRMT基因(1、3~7)。在此生物系統中,部分PRMT基因的基因結構不再與哺乳類具有保留性,例如PRMT3以及PRMT5,在此系統中,其蛋白質序列皆編碼在一個exon中,然而其PRMT6卻不具有在脊椎動物裡編碼於一個exon的特性。有趣的是,此系統上並沒有HRMT1L3以及PRMT2的同源基因存在。HRMT1L3為PRMT1的同種同源基因,具有與PRMT1相同的基因結構以及exon的區隔,蛋白質序列也與PRMT1高度相似。而PRMT2在脊椎動物裡,其蛋白質序列之間的相似度較低。因此,各個PRMT可能分別以不同的速度進行演化,而其中以PRMT1以及PRMT5的演化保留性最高。而以PRMT的催化核心區域來分析親源關係時,具有第二型甲基轉移酶活性的PRMT5自行分支於一個枝幹上,而其他的PRMT,包括PRMT1、2、3、4、6、7,以及HRMT1L3則另行成為一個分枝,這可能表示這一個分枝上的PRMT的活性皆不屬於第二型。
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT) involved in the regulations of signal transduction, protein subcellular localization, and transcription have been mostly studied in mammals and yeast. In this study orthologues of eight human PRMT genes (PRMT1-7 and HRMT1L3) were identified in both puffer fish Fugu rubripes and zebrafish Danio rerio. The fish PRMT genes appear to be conserved with their mammalian orthologues at the levels of amino acid sequences as well as genomic structures. All vertebrate PRMT genes contain 10-16 coding exons except PRMT6 that contains only one coding exon. Western blot analyses of zebrafish tissue extracts confirmed the expression of some PRMT proteins in zebra fish. We further identified six PRMT members (PRMT1, 3-7) in an invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis. Genomic structures of the PRMT orthologues are no more conserved in the ascidians, as PRMT3 and PRMT5 contain only one coding exon while PRMT6 contains 6 exons. PRMT2 and HRMT1L3 that are missing in Ciona appear to be vertebrate-specific. HRMT1L3 is a PRMT1 paralogue with highly conserved sequences and exact exon junctions, whereas the PRMT2 orthologues are very diverged. Different PRMT orthologues are likely to evolve at different rates and the PRMT1 orthologues appear to be most conserved through evolution. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses using the core regions of various PRMT genes show that PRMT5 with the type II PRMT activity is separated in one branch. All other PRMT genes including PRMT1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and HRMT1L3 clustered in the other branch, probably represent the genes for the type I activity.
Subjects
斑馬魚
精氨酸甲基轉移酶
河豚
海鞘
zebra fish
protein arginine methyltransferase
Takifugu rubripes
Ciona intestinalis
Type
thesis
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