後疫情時代臺灣地區導遊與領隊人員健康促進生活型態之相關性研究

由於COVID-19疫情大流行造成國際旅遊限制，邊境管制嚴格與臺灣發布政策禁止旅行社組團出國，使得第一線的導遊與領隊人員面臨失業的風險。2022年初在臺灣持有執業證的導遊與領隊人員共十一萬人，在後疫情時代更須關注他們的健康促進生活型態。而導遊與領隊人員為遊客在旅途中諮詢健康相關訊息的對象，應具備旅遊傳染病的知識。因此透過COVID-19相關健康識能量表瞭解他們的程度，並探討臺灣地區導遊領隊人員健康促進生活型態與COVID-19相關健康識能之相關性。本研究以領有臺灣導遊領隊執業證之254人為研究對象，調查期間為2021年10月1日至2021年10月31日，採網路問卷及紙本問卷調查方式，瞭解其人口學背景資料、過去三個月之健康促進生活型態與COVID-19相關健康識能之情形。資料統計分析採描述性分析、One-way ANOVA與Pearson相關分析，探討COVID-19相關健康識能與健康促進生活型態之相關。研究結果發現，導遊與領隊人員在COVID-19相關健康識能具備足夠的的識能；在健康促進生活型態之「自我實現」得分最高，而「運動」得分最低。影響健康促進生活型態的「運動」構面之因素為社會支持經驗與工作總年資，達顯著差異 (p<0.05)，經事後檢定為工作年資1-5年者高於1年以下者 (p<0.05)。Pearson相關分析結果顯示，COVID-19相關健康識能與健康促進生活型態呈現中度顯著正相關(p<0.05)。然而，工作年資低於1年之導遊與領隊人員的健康促進生活型態最低，且COVID-19相關健康識能與健康促進生活型態呈現正相關，本研究結果提供政策制定者可將旅遊健康識能納入導遊領隊職前教育訓練課程，幫助年資淺者提高其健康促進生活型態。

The tourism industry has been heavily hit by COVID-19 pandemic. Except strict border controls, Taiwan would not allow travel agencies to organize group tours aboard. In early 2022, there are 110,000 licensed tour guides and tour leaders in Taiwan. The tour guides and tour leaders were at risk of losing their jobs. We aimed to focus on their health promotion lifestyle. Tour guides and tour leaders who consult with tourists on health-related information during the trip. They need to have enough knowledge of infectious diseases. Therefore, we utilized COVID-19 related health literacy measure to investigate their level. We discussed relationship between the health promotion lifestyle and COVID-19 related health literacy of tour guides and tour leaders in Taiwan. This study recruited 254 licensed tour guides and tour leaders in Taiwan. The participants received paper questionnaires or online surveys (SurveyCake) via various mediums such as email, Line. Information on demographic background, 3-month Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) recall and COVID-19 related health literacy were collected between October 1 and October 31, 2021. Descriptive analysis, One-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis to explore the relationship between COVID-19 related health literacy and health promotion lifestyle. The results of the study found that tour guides and tour leaders, among the six dimensions of HPLP, had the highest scores in "self-actualization" and the lowest in "exercise". There was a high degree of COVID-19 related health literacy. The factors affecting the health promotion lifestyle of the "exercise" subscale were social support experience and job tenure, which were statistically significant (p<0.05). The finding of Pearson correlation analysis indicated a moderate positive relationship between COVID-19 related health literacy and health promotion lifestyle (p<0.05). Moreover, Tour guides and tour leaders with less than one year of work experience had the lowest health promotion lifestyle. COVID-19 related health literacy and health promotion lifestyle showed positive significant relationship. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that policy makers should promote health literacy of travel medicine and arrange related knowledge in the pre-training courses for junior tour guides and tour leaders.