Allergic rhinitis, rather than asthma, is a risk factor for dental caries

Objectives: The association between AS (asthma) and dental caries is controversial, while that between allergic rhinitis (AR) and caries has not been established. This study aimed to verify the relationship among AR, AS and dental caries. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Data from Health Insurance Database of the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Participants: Nine thousand and thirty-eight children born in 2004 were obtained. Their claims data were evaluated from birth to the age of 9 years. Main outcome measures: The frequencies of clinical visits for dental caries were calculated for primary teeth (age 1-5) and for dental transitional period (age 6-9). Differences in the frequencies of clinical visits for caries in AR vs non-AR and AS vs non-AS children were compared. Correlation between AR, AS and caries frequencies was studied, and the influences of AR drugs on the development of caries were evaluated. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors and AS case, the frequencies of clinical visits for caries were higher in AR (increased by 13%-25% and P<.001 at different age periods). The AR frequencies significantly correlated with caries frequencies in children with AR. Different AR drugs also correlated with caries formation. After adjusting for confounding factors and AR case, there was no relationship between AS and caries in children. Conclusion: Asthma is not associated with dental caries, but AR can increase the frequency of clinical visits for caries. Medications for AR may also play a role in caries formation. Thus, AR may be a risk factor for childhood dental caries.