高中女生病態飲食相關的心態行為及其營養攝取量和營養狀況之調查

本研究以台中縣市的女高中生為研究對象，主要目的在瞭解台中縣市女高中生的體型意識、具病態飲食行為傾向的盛行率及相關危險因子的探討，更進一步比較具病態飲食行為傾向的高危險及低危險群，其用餐情形、實際營養攝取及血液生化值是否有差異。以不記名自填式問卷為研究工具，共分為三個部分：（A）基本資料、用餐情形及體型意識（B）EAT-26（C）24小時飲食回憶法，結果發現：（1）受試者「實際體型」、「自我認知體型」、「期望體型」非常不一致；有56.4%的受試者高估自己的體型，有51.7%的受試者期望體重小於實際體型，且有81.6的受試者希望自己能再瘦一點；（2）不論何種體型的受試者有43.8%的人有減重經驗，而有19.5%人目前正在減重；（3）EAT-26平均分數為12.19±8.27，有17.1%的受試者為具病態飲食行為傾向的高危險群（EAT-26≧20）；結果顯示「自我認知體型與實際體型的差」、「實際體型與期望體型的差」、「體型滿意度」、「減重經驗」及「目前是否正在減重」為有效預測病態飲食行為傾向的危險因子；（4）具病態飲食行為傾向的高危險群其熱量、蛋白質、醣類、維生素B6、B12及鋅的攝取明顯低於低危險群，但在粗纖維及膳食纖維的攝取，則明顯的高於低危險群；且每天吃午餐、晚餐的人數比例顯著低於低危險群（5）具病態飲食傾向的受試者其總鐵結合能力（TIBC）及血清鐵檢驗值不正常的人數比例顯著高於低危險群。 關鍵辭：病態飲食行為、體型意識、飲食態度測驗、高中女生

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the body weight satisfaction, body image, and the tendency of eating disorders among high school females in Taichung city and county. In addition, the differences in eating behaviors and nutrient intakes in subjects of EAT (＋) and EAT(－) were also compared. Written questionnaire included of demographics and weight concern, EAT-26 and 24hrs dietary recall. The data was analyzed with simple frequency, student’s t test, One-way ANOVA, chi-square analysis and logistic regression. Results included（1）The incongruity was found in among subjects’ actual body weight, self-perceived body weight and desired body weight.（2）There were 43.8% of all subjects had intentionally try to weight loss and 19.5% of subjects currently try to lose weight.（3）The mean score of EAT-26 was 12.19±8.27, and the 17.11% of all subjects had score above the cutoff score（≧20）. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that “the accuracy of perception of body weight category”、“ realism of desired body weight goal”、”satisfaction with body weight category”、“weight loss experience” were independently related to the tendency of eating disorders.（4）The intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B6、B12 and Zinc were significant lower in EAT(＋) than in EAT(－), however, dietary fiber and crude fiber showed the opposite results.（5）The percentage of subjects with abnormal values of TIBC and serum iron was significantly higher in EAT(＋) than in EAT(－). Keywords：eating disorders、body image、EAT-26、high school females