肉雞場之生物氣膠及其抗生素抗藥性評估

本研究於3~4月間針對台灣中南部某肉雞場進行生物氣膠採樣分析研究，以瞭解飼養場員工可能暴露的生物氣膠危害。研究採樣比較幼雞、成雞飼養區、戶外飼料製備區等，並利用安德森六階生物氣膠採樣器、安德森單階生物氣膠採樣器、AGI-30及Biosampler配合TSA細菌培養皿，進行生物氣膠採樣，並進一步以全自動微生物鑑定和藥敏性試驗分析儀(Phoenix)，鑑定生物氣膠菌種及其抗藥性的評估。結果顯示採樣過程中相對濕度約在46.3 ~ 80.9 %之範圍，溫度介於17.5 ~ 32.1 ℃之間。幼雞雞舍生物氣膠濃度介於3.2×104~5.8×105 cfu/m3 之間，成雞雞舍濃度介於1.0~2.0×106 cfu/m3 之間。生物氣膠之菌種鑑定結果以葡萄球菌屬（Staphylococcus spp.）為優勢菌屬；另外在戶外飼料區比較3、4月份生物氣膠濃度，以4月份高於3月份濃度，推測可能為高溫、溼度所導致。在所採集之菌種中，以緩慢葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus lentus)之檢出率最高，對藥物Ampicillin (AM)、Chloramphenicol (C)、 Clindamycin （CC）、 Gentamicin-Syn （GMS）、Penicillin（P）、Streptomycin-Syn（STS）都是有抗藥性的，意即使用該抗生素藥物無法讓細菌停止生長。結果中也顯示所鑑定出之菌種中以金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)之危害最大，該菌屬於生物安全等級第二級之微生物，其對於抗生素之抗藥性評估部分，對Ampicillin (AM)、Streptomycin-Syn （STS）、 Teicoplanin（TEC）、 Gentamicin（GM）、Gentamicin-Syn （GMS）、 Nitrofurantoin（FM）、Penicillin（P）、Chloramphenicol（C）等抗生素具抗藥性。

This study aimed to study bioaerosol in an broiler Buildings in mid-southern Taiwan to understand the harm possibly exposed to by the employees of the farm. Anderson six-stage bioaerosol sampler, Anderson single-stage bioaerosol sampler, AGI-30, Biosampler, as well as TSA patri dish were used to sample bioaerosol colony to find out the bioaerosol concentration and further identify bioaerosol strain and assess drug resistance assessment with the full-automatic micro-organism identification and drug sensitivity test analyzer - Phoenix.The results show that the relative humidity was between 46.3% and 80.9% and the relative temperature was between 17.5℃ and 32.1℃. The bioaerosol concentration in the coop for chicks was between 3.2×104 cfu/m3 and 5.8×105cfu/m3 and that in the coop for chickens was between 0cfu/m3 and 2×106 cfu/m3. Based on the strain identification, it is concluded that Staphylococcus belongs to superior strains, followed by Corynebacterium, Bacillus and other minority strains. Staphylococcus mainly includes S.saprohyticus, S.gallinarum, S. xylosus and S.lentus. Strains collected in order to slow Staphylococcus lentus (S.lentus)the highest detection rate for drug Ampicillin (AM), Chloramphenicol (C), Clindamycin (CC), Gentamicin-Syn (GMS), Penicillin (P), Streptomycin-Syn (STS) are resistant, that can not make use of the drug to stop the growth of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is most harmful, bacteria belonging to the second level of the biosafety level of micro-organisms, resistance assessment component, Ampicillin (AM), Streptomycin-Syn (STS), Teicoplanin (TEC), Gentamicin (GM), Gentamicin-Syn (GMS), Nitrofurantoin (FM), Penicillin (P), Chloramphenicol (C) resistant.