六個月全身震動治療對停經後婦女腰椎骨質密度的成效：隨機對照試驗

背景：骨質疏鬆症引起骨折的議題已經引起世界性的關注。而停經後婦女是特別容易因骨質疏鬆症而引起骨折的族群。對於停經後婦女骨質疏鬆症的問題，在非藥物的介入主要是透過運動訓練。而全身震動訓練(Whole body vibration，WBV)是一種簡單，方便又安全的運動。過去已經有一些研究探討全身震動訓練對於骨質疏鬆症的影響；然而，這些研究的介入模式和研究結果皆不相同。本研究主要目的為探討高頻率和高強度的全身震動訓練對於停經後婦女的腰椎骨質密度(Bone mineral density，BMD)的影響。方法：本研究以隨機分配的方式，將28位符合納入標準的停經後婦女分配至全身震動組(WBV組)或對照組(CON 組)，同時進行6個月的介入。WBV 組以自然站立姿勢在震動訓練平台上接受高頻率(30Hz)和高強度(3.2g)的全身震動訓練；其訓練為每次五分鐘每周三次，在一個運動中心由一位訓練有素的物理治療師監督執行；而CON組個案被要求只維持原來的生活型態。使用雙能量X光吸收儀(Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry，DEXA)，分別於介入前及介入後，檢測兩組停經後婦女的腰椎骨質密度的變化。結果：6個月後，WBV組的腰椎骨質密度有顯著增加2.032% (P = 0.047)，CON組腰椎骨質密度下降了0.046 % (P = 0.188)。WBV組和CON組兩組間BMD的變化相比，WBV組的腰椎骨質密度有顯著的增加(P = 0.016)。結論：本研究發現，透過6個月的高頻率、高強度的全身震動訓練對於停經後婦女腰椎骨質密度有顯著的效益，此訓練方式可做為一種替代的運動方式。

Background: The issue of osteoporosis-induced fractures has attracted the world’s attention. Postmenopausal women are particularly at risk for this type of fracture. The nonmedicinal intervention for postmenopausal women is mainly exercise. Whole body vibration (WBV) is a simple and convenient exercise. There have been some studies investigating the effect of WBV on osteoporosis; however, the intervention models and results are different. This study mainly investigated the effect of high-frequency and high-magnitude WBV on the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women.Methods: This study randomized 28 postmenopausal women into either the WBV group or the control group for a 6-month trial. The WBV group received an intervention of high-frequency (30Hz) and high-magnitude (3.2g) WBV group in a natural full-standing posture for 5 minutes, three times per week, monitored by a well-trained physical therapist at a sports center. The CON group was asked to maintain their daily life habit. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the lumbar BMD of the two groups before and of 6 months after the intervention.Results: Six months later, the BMD of lumbar spine of the WBV group had significantly increased by 2.032% (P=0.047), while that of the control group had decreased by 0.046% (P=0.188). The comparison between the two groups showed that the BMD of lumbar spine of the WBV group had increased significantly (P=0.016).Conclusion: This study found that 6 months of high-frequency and high-magnitude WBV yielded significant benefits to the BMD of the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women, and could therefore be provided as an alternative exercise for osteoporosis.