台灣五葉松發酵萃取物抗氧化及抗發炎之作用

五葉松（Pinus morrisonicola Hay.）為台灣特有種松屬植物，在亞洲地區為常見飲品之題材，已有研究證實其萃取物有優異的抗氧化及抗發炎能力。取五葉松（PN）、發酵的五葉松（FPN）及市售五葉松酵素液（CPN）三種樣品，分別以萃取溶劑正己烷（H）、乙酸乙酯（EAE）及水（W）依序萃取取得各萃取物，結果顯示EAE-FPN抗氧化能力最強而CPN最弱。利用HPLC分析EAE-FPN之酚類化合物，發現含有chlorogenic acid、epicatechin、p-coumaric acid、myricetin、kaempferol及β-sitosterol等。以脂多醣體（LPS）誘發巨噬細胞發炎之模式進行試驗，結果EAE-FPN能夠顯著抑制一氧化氮（NO）、誘導型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS）、前列腺素E2（PGE2）、環氧化合酶-2（COX-2）等發炎因子的表現且呈劑量效應（0-200 μg/mL）。由此可知EAE-FPN有抑制發炎之效果。

Pine (Pinus morrisonicola Hay.) needle has long been used as drink in Asia. It showed strong antioxidation and antiinflammation. The preliminary study showed that the scavenging effect on free radicals by fermented pine needle extracts were much better than non-fermented pine needle and commercial product extracts. In the present study, the protective effects of fermented pine needle on the inflammation were investigated. Ethyl acetate extract of fermented pine needle (EAE-FPN) showed the perfect scavenging effect on free radicals. The phenolic compounds in EAE-FPN were chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, myricetin, kaempferol and β-sitosterol by HPLC analysis. The expression of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced by LPS-stimulated macrophages were inhibited by EAE-FPN in a dose-dependent manner (0-200μg/mL). In addition, the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein were also greatly reduced. In conclusion, the fermented pine needle showed great antiinflammation.