Cardiovascular disease as a prognostic factor for mortality in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

Background Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is linked to an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its impact on mortality is unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of CVD on mortality and its relationship with clinical characteristics in NCFB patients. Methods This multicentre retrospective study analysed baseline characteristics and outcomes of 2753 NCFB patients, including 648 with CVD. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified factors associated with CVD and mortality, comparing demographics, comorbidities and pulmonary function between patients with and without CVD. Results Patients with CVD were significantly older (76.4 versus 68.8 years, p<0.001), had higher body mass index (BMI) (22.9 versus 21.5 kg·m−2, p<0.001) and more comorbidities. Age (hazard ratio (HR) 1.046, p<0.001), BMI (HR 1.089, p<0.001) and comorbidity score (HR 1.698, p<0.001) were independent risk factors for CVD. Mortality risk factors in NCFB patients included older age (HR 1.032, p=0.042), Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (HR 3.353, p=0.002), emergency visits (HR 2.455, p<0.001), COPD (HR 2.563, p=0.005) and CVD (HR 2.146, p=0.015). Conclusion CVD in NCFB is associated with severe clinical profiles and poor outcomes. Older age, higher BMI and comorbidity burden significantly correlate with CVD presence. CVD is an independent risk factor for mortality, highlighting the importance of early identification and management of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with NCFB.