長照機構負責人的工作負荷、工作壓力感受於睡眠品質之相關性研究

研究背景：隨著高齡化與少子化趨勢，長期照顧需求日益增加，使長照機構的服務品質備受重視。機構負責人需兼具照護專業與管理能力，然而長時間處於高負荷與高壓力的工作環境，可能對其睡眠品質造成不良影響。過去研究多聚焦於教師、學生，對長照機構負責人之相關研究較為缺乏。研究目的： 本研究旨在探討長照機構負責人之基本資料、工作負荷、工作壓力感受與睡眠品質之現況，並分析影響睡眠品質之主要預測因子。研究方法： 採橫斷性、描述性與相關性研究設計，運用方便取樣方式，針對彰化縣公告立案之長照機構，選取服務滿六個月以上之負責人為對象。資料收集期間為2024年11月1日至2025年5月30日，共回收有效問卷119份。研究工具包含基本資料、工作負荷量表、工作壓力感受量表及睡眠品質量表，並以SPSS 26版進行統計分析。 研究結果：長照機構負責人工作負荷平均得分為22.47分(7-35分)，工作壓力感受平均得分為27.65分(12-60分)，睡眠品質平均得分12.73分(0-21分)。逐步迴歸分析顯示，年齡(5%)、婚姻狀況(7%)、主要專長專業(9%)、工作負荷(9%)、工作步調負荷(8%)、工作數量負荷(8%)、工作壓力感受(14%)是影響長照機構負責人睡眠品質最主要的預測因子，整體模式可解釋60.0%的變異。結論/實務應用：高工作壓力與工作負荷將顯著影響長照機構負責人之睡眠品質。建議應強化人力配置、提供壓力管理介入與支持性措施，以提升其健康與機構營運效能。

Background：With the growing trends of population aging and declining birthrates, the demand for long-term care services has significantly increased, drawing attention to the service quality of long-term care institutions. Facility managers must possess both caregiving expertise and administrative skills. However, prolonged exposure to high workload and high-pressure environments may adversely affect their sleep quality. While previous research has predominantly focused on teachers and students, studies targeting long-term care managers remain limited.Purposes：This study aimed to investigate the current status of demographic characteristics, workload, perceived work stress, and sleep quality among long-term care facility managers, and to identify the major predictors affecting their sleep quality.Methods：A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational research design was adopted. Using convenience sampling, the study recruited managers who had served for more than six months in registered long-term care institutions listed by the Changhua County Government. Data were collected from November 1, 2024, to May 30, 2025, yielding 119 valid questionnaires. Instruments included structured questionnaires on demographics, workload, perceived work stress, and sleep quality. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.Results:The average scores were 22.47 (range 7–35) for workload, 27.65 (range 12–60) for perceived work stress, and 12.73 (range 0–21) for sleep quality. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age (5%), marital status (7%), professional background (9%), total workload (9%), workload pacing (8%), workload quantity (8%), and perceived work stress (14%) were the most significant predictors of sleep quality. The overall regression model accounted for 60.0% of the variance.Conclusions/ Implications for practice:High levels of work stress and workload significantly impair the sleep quality of long-term care facility managers. It is recommended that institutions enhance staffing strategies and implement stress management and supportive interventions to improve the managers' well-being and institutional operational efficiency.