急診室護理人員於嚴重急性呼吸道症候群流行期間面臨的工作壓力與調適方式之探討

本研究採回溯性調查法，目的在於瞭解急診室護理人員面臨嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)的工作壓力源、壓力反應、因應方式與調適情形，並探討個人屬性、工作壓力源及壓力調適間之相關性及差異；採類聚性隨機抽樣，以中部醫學中心之急診護理人員為研究對象，利用結構性問卷輔以開放性問題進行資料收集，其一百六十六份有效問卷，應用SPSS 10.0 for Windows PC軟體分析資料，結果顯示急診室護理人員於此其間主要的工作壓力來源為：社會與論與傳播媒體對護理人員的負面報導、工作時需長時間穿著隔離裝備、進出隔離區繁瑣的隔離裝備之穿與脫；主要的壓力：不安、焦慮、疲憊；主要的壓力調適方法；看電視或閱讀、與同事討論自己的問題、面對問題並解決難題；而護理人員工作壓力與壓力反應及正、負向壓力調適方法使用頻率個人屬性在基工作壓力、壓力反應、使用之壓力調適策略與整體壓力調適情形上均達統計顯著差民，個人屬性在調適策略使用後之自學幫助程度上，未達統計顯著差民。本研究結果可作為未來各種新與疾病或爆發重大流行前不見古人之借鏡，並提供管理者作為擬定政策的依據與教育訓練內容這參考，其協助護理人員及早認知自我壓力並建立適合自己的壓力調適方法，以較正向的調適行為來面對工作壓力，進而提升照護病患之整體醫療品質。
The 2003 outbreak of SARS had a great impact on the global medical health care delivery system. It induced panic and stress, especially in ER nurses. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between job stressors, stress responses and coping strategies in ER nurses confronting the SARS crisis. The study subjects were 166 ER nurses from medical centers in central Taiwan selected by cluster random sampling. Data was obtained through structured questionnaires and open questions. The results indicated that the major job stressors in ER nurses confronting the SARS crisis were indicated that the major job stressors in ER nurses confronting the SARS crisis were negative editorial reports about nurses, the wearing of protective equipment for long working hours, having to put on or take off protective equipment when going in or out of isolated areas, inexperience, ignorance and fear of SARS, and the serious and critical condition of patients with SARS. The major stress responses were restlessness, anxiety, fatigue, irritability, and anger. The major coping strategies included watching TV or reading, discussing problems with coworkers, problem solving, discussing problems with family, And drinking caffeinated drinks, Strategies felt to be helpful by the subjects were problem solving, problems with family, progressive relaxation techniques, and the drinking of caffeinated drinks. There were significant positive correlations between job stress and stress responses and the frequency of coping strategies. In addition, a significant positive relationship was noted between the frequency of positive coping strategies and the effects of coping. The characteristics of the subjects in Levels of job stress, stress responses and coping measures showed significant differences. It is hoped that this study will help promote early awareness of one's own stress and the development of appropriate coping strategies in nurses.