死亡教育對高職護生之死亡態度的成效探討

摘要 本研究之目的為：1.探討國內外有關死亡教育之理論與文獻，設計一適合高職護生程度的死亡教育單元活動課程。2 使用量表問卷調查，以量性分析方法，探討以Watson’s科學與人性照護及Maslow’s需求論為基礎的死亡教育措施對改善高職護生死亡態度的成效。 研究對象取自北部某高職護校護理科二年級學生119人隨機分派為實驗組59人、控制組60人，對實驗組於每週班週會或社團活動時段，授與5次10小時之死亡教育課程。採實驗研究個案對照後測設計，後測結果105份資料以SPSS/PC for window 10.0進行統計分析。統計方法包括平均數、標準差、二因子變異數分析；統計顯著水準訂為.05。 本研究結果發現：死亡教育課程能改善高職護生的死亡態度，降低高職護生之死亡恐懼。研究者並請二組學生填寫開放性問答題寫作及實驗組填寫自評表和回饋表並進行內容分析，結果顯示：接受死亡教育的護生98.03%(50/51)贊同對高職護生進行死亡教育，理由是死亡教育增加個人對死亡的覺知，並對未來臨床照護作好準備，且更珍視生命。

Abstract The purposes of this study were to develop an eligible short term death education course for vocational student of nursing , and to measure the effect of death education intervention on the vocational nursing student’s attitude toward death. This was a posttest-only control group design of experimental study design , 119 of study subjects from vocational students of nursing at northward of Taiwan .They were randomly assigned to treatment group(N=59) and control group(N=60).The intervention being designed by the researcher . treatment group received 10 hours (5 sessions) of death education intervention. The independent variable was the death education intervention. The dependent variables were death attitude, which was measured by the Death Attitude Scale. The alpha level of .05. was used for all statistical tests. Statistical models include descriptive analysis such as mean and standard deviation ; and two-way ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses. The researcher also analyzed the contents obtained the transcript of all subjects and from treatment group feedback sheets. The result: there is statistically significant difference of the score on the posttest Death Attitude Scale between the treatment group and the control group. The result of the study and application of the intervention were discussed and suggestions for future research were proposed.