2026-11-092026-11-09https://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/38768Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)have been widely used as brominated flame retardants(BFRs)for varius electronics and electronic manufactures, plastics, textiles and construction material. PBDEs are importment global pollutant for environmental hormone effect and bioaccumulation effect in biota. The structural formulas of PBDEs are like the structural of thyroxine, and PBDEs could disrupt thyroid gland function, neurobehavior effect and carcinogen. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers contaminate biota by food chain and were detected in various environmental matrices, including water, sediment and air and various organisms, including aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, even human. For the purpose of assessing the Taiwan resident individual exposure source and exposure levels of PBDEs, the first-year study established analytical method of PBDEs for foodstuffs and the proceeding study (second-year study) will determine PBDEs levels in commonly consumed foodstuffs in Taiwan. Air pollution was one of major PBDEs exposure sources accordind to previous reference and brominated flame-retardants were used widely for various industries procedure in Taiwan. This study will determine PBDEs concentration of indoor and outdoor air of general area and high pollutant places and surroundings, and assessment daily inhalation of PBDEs for residents in Taiwan. This study will detect 180 samples, including various indoor and outdoor air of general area and high pollutant places and surroundings. The sampling apparatuses will use medium and high flow meters couple quartz fiber filters and pre-treatment will utilize Soxhlet extraction method. The concentration of PBDEs will be analyzed by HRGC/HRMS or GC/MS and assessment daily inhalation of PBDEs for residents in Taiwan. The result of this study will indicate that distribution of PBDEs concentration for indoor and outdoor air of general area and high pollutant places and surroundings in Taiwan. It will also provide completely Taiwan residents’s exposure assessment by intergating the results from this study and the second-year study.多溴二苯醚(polybrominated diphenyl ethers, PBDEs)為最常被使用的溴化 阻燃劑(brominated flame retardants, BFRs),廣泛使用於電器及電子產品、家 用產品、塑膠、紡織品及建材物料等,因其於環境中不易被降解,且具環境荷 爾蒙效應,已引起廣泛注意。PBDEs 之結構式近似動物體上的甲狀腺素,會干 擾體內荷爾蒙作用,並對神經行為產生毒性及致癌性。由於PBDEs 廣泛添加在 日常生活產品中,一旦暴露到此類物質,會經由生命週期及生物傳遞蓄積於食 物鏈中,並逸散至空氣中,造成河川底泥、空氣及食物等生活環境的污染,會 經由各種途經進入人體,造成公共衛生問題和人體健康之影響。為評估PBDEs 於國人的暴露情形,第一要務必須了解國人每天可能的攝取量或吸入量。 為評估國人的暴露情形,本研究配合整合型計畫,進行三年期計畫,針對 台灣各種食物進行PBDEs 濃度分析,用已評估經由飲食之PBDEs 攝取量,另 針對各種室內、外環境空氣中PBDEs 之濃度進行採樣測定,藉此評估國人主要 暴露來源及暴露量。因此,於第一年計畫進行食物中PBDEs 含量測定方法研 究,於第二年計畫中進行經由國人食物之PBDEs 攝取量之暴露評估(目前進行 中),今年(第三年)擬針對各種室內、外環境空氣中PBDEs 之濃度進行採樣 測定,用以評估國人經由空氣之PBDEs 暴露情形。 由於過去各國文獻報告指出,空氣中PBDEs 是現代人暴露的主要途徑之 一,尤其使用防火材料、塑膠品、塑膠材料、電器產品較多的台灣,室內、外 空氣中PBDEs 的濃度值得大家注意,因此,本計畫將針對各種室內環境、高污 染場所室外環境和都會與鄉村地區室外空氣中進行PBDEs 採樣分析,並估算國 人每日經由空氣之暴露情形。 本研究針對各種室內、外環境採樣進行國人環境空氣中PBDEs 暴露之評 估,共約採集180 個樣本,室內環境包括一般住宅、辦公場所、電腦顯示終端 機工作站、電器大賣場、高度裝潢之飯店及KTV 和廢電腦資訊物品回收廠 等,高污染場所室外環境包括塑膠工廠、紡織工廠、電子工廠和廢電腦資訊物 品回收廠等,另亦針對都會與鄉村地區室外空氣中進行PBDEs 採樣分析,並估 算國人每日經由空氣之暴露情形。採樣裝置為中流量及高流量採樣器配合石英 纖維濾紙,進行連續8 小時空氣中粉塵樣本之收集,利用索式萃取進行前處 理,並以HRGC/HRMS 或GC/MS 進行PBDEs 濃度分析。並以台灣地區國人每 日總換氣量,配合環境空氣中PBDEs 之含量,以估計其每日之吸入量。 本研究結果將可得知我國多溴二苯醚於各種室內、外環境空氣中之濃度分 布,並可藉此估算國人經由空氣之PBDEs 吸入量,另將整合第二年之研究結 果,統計國人多溴二苯醚之總暴露量,包含食物中多溴二苯醚之攝取量和空氣 中多溴二苯醚之吸入量,期能完整評估國人之PBDEs 暴露情形,以作為相關單 位政策執行之參考及世界各國可應用的基本資料。多溴二苯醚環境暴露室內外空氣濃度polybrominated diphenyl ethersenvironmental exposureconcentration ofindoor and outdoor air我國多溴二苯醚環境荷爾蒙之公共衛生及管理策略研究---我國多溴二苯醚環境荷爾蒙之環境流佈及暴露研究(III)Project