Tsu-Yi ChienHui-Chen LoMin-Ling LiuTai-Hao HsuShih-Chieh LeeWen-Kuang HsuJia-Sin YangShun-Fa YangShih-Ching Chao2026-02-052026-02-05202510.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057399https://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/5169<p>Cordycepin, known for its tumor-suppressive and antiviral properties, has garnered attention due to its therapeutic and biological potential. Current &lt;i&gt;Cordyceps militaris&lt;/i&gt; - based cordycepin production methods involve time-consuming and cost-intensive solid-state fermentation. Using an internet of things (IoT) architecture, we developed an active air-feed regulation fermentation system (AAFRFS) to detect CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emitted during &lt;i&gt;C. militaris &lt;/i&gt;submerged fermentation. Equipped with a microcontroller unit and proportional-integral-derivative plus pulse-width modulation technology, the AAFRFS also regulates the air supply, inducing hypoxic stress to enhance cordycepin production. Our system uploads all fermentation data to a cloud database. After 14 d of fermentation (volume 5 L) at 3000 ppm metabolic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, cordycepin levels exceeded 1.44 g/L (yield: 103.2 mg/L/d). Hypoxic stress promoted earlier cordycepin production. Utilizing big data with an alert mechanism enabled the early detection of microbial contamination within a 12- to 24-h period. Principal component analysis revealed a positive correlation between temperature and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration, suggesting that temperature fluctuations likely affect the respiration rate of &lt;i&gt;C. militaris&lt;/i&gt;, thereby altering CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels. Our findings may help optimize fermentation strategies not only for &lt;i&gt;C. militaris&lt;/i&gt; but also for other fungal strains. </p>[SDGs]SDG3journal-article