林彥輝Yen-Hui Lin楊玉姿Yu-Zi Yang職業安全衛生學系碩士班2026-10-059999-12-312018https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/6t6dvphttps://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/20464肌肉骨骼傷害在許多工業化國家都已被確認是最主要的職業傷害之一。我國職業安全衛生法於2013年7月修正通過職場肌肉骨骼危害之防治，然而，因工作而引起的肌肉骨骼疾病卻仍居高不下，其原因值得加以探討。　　本研究共分為兩階段，第一階段以網路問卷調查國內201間事業單位執行人因性危害預防計畫現況及遭遇之困境；第二階段由人因工程專家現場訪視及輔導事業單位書面計畫撰寫，以宏觀人因工程概念介入組織運作模式找出問題點，以提升事業單位之職場肌肉骨骼危害預防成效。　　問卷結果顯示，事業單位「尚未擬定」人因性危害預防計畫佔21.4%，主要原因如:不知該如何擬訂、正在評估需要程度；「已擬定尚未執行」佔22.9%，原因如:已列入未來計畫，等待執行中、缺乏專業人士協助執行、人手不足等；「已執行」人因性危害預防計畫則佔55.7%，其中又以「進階改善」比例最低。　　變項相關性分析結果中，事業單位「計畫擬定及執行現況」與「接受輔導經驗」、「獲取資訊之管道」、「推動計畫所遭遇問題」、「執行的計畫或推動之管理系統」及「接受教育訓練種類」變項具有顯著相關，其p-value皆小於0.01。而「高層主管支持度」與「職安法規知情度」、「計畫擬定及執行現況」、「執行計畫之時間」、「推動計畫所遭遇問題」及「執行的計畫或推動之管理系統」變項具有顯著相關，其p-value亦皆小於0.01；與「公司規模」、「接受輔導經驗」、「尋求專家協助意願」則不具有顯著相關。　　本研究於第二階段中，徵求了3間事業單位進行現場訪視及書面計畫輔導，統整事業單位撰寫人因性危害預防計畫主要問題為:計畫項目缺漏、目標設定不明確、對於「簡易改善」及「進階改善」內容不夠理解等。現場介入輔導滿意度調查顯示，目前宏觀人因介入較難為事業單位接受，與過去研究結果一致，建議未來可會同政府機關、人因工程專業人士共同參與，進行宏觀人因工程介入時輔以微觀人因工程改善，增進事業單位推動人因性危害預防計畫之意願，有效達到職場肌肉骨骼危害防治。Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have been identified as one of the main occupational diseases in many industrialized countries.In Taiwan, Occupational Safety and Health Law amended the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in the workplace in July 2013. However, the musculoskeletal diseases caused by work are still high. The reasons for the ineffectiveness of the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in enterprises are needed to concerned.　　This study is divided into two stages. The first stage investigate the current situation and the dilemma of the implementation of ergonomic preventation plan in 201 enterprises via online questionnaire.In the second stage, the ergonomists visited and coached the enterprises to write the plan, using the macroergonomic concept intervene the organizational operation mode to find out the problems, and promoting the preventive effect of musculoskeletal hazards in the workplace.　　The observational result show that 21.4% of enterprises is “No for MSDs prevention plan”, The main reasons include: no idea to perform the program, assessing the needs, and waiting for implementation; 22.9% subjects is “Have MSDs prevention plan but not to execute”, for the following reasons: has been included in future plans, waiting for implementation, lack of professional assistance, and shortage of staff; 55.7% of enterprises is“Had executed MSDs prevention plan”, and the proportion of "advanced improvement" is the lowest.　　In results of the variables correlation analysis, the enterprises“planning and implementation status” and “accepted counseling experience”, “the pipeline for information acquisition”, “problems encountered when promoting the project”, “executive plan or promotion management system” and “received educational training types” were significantly related, and their p-values were less than 0.01. In addition, “supervisor support” and “Occupational Safety Regulations awareness”, “planning and implementation status”, “project execution time”, “promoting problems in projects”, and“executive plan or promotion management system” were significantly related, and their p-values were also less than 0.01; they were not significantly related to “scale of enterprise”, “accepted counseling experience”, and “seeking expert assistance willingness”. 　　In the second stage of the study, three enterprises were consulted for on-site visits and written project guidance by ergonomists. The main problems in the ergonomic preventation plan for enterprises were: lack of planning projects, unclear target setting, and insufficient understanding of the contents of “simple improvement” and “advanced improvement” .The on-site intervention counseling satisfaction survey shows that it is difficult for the macroergonomic intervention to be accepted by the enterprises. It is consistent with the past research results. It is suggested that in the future, government and ergonomists will participate in the macroergonomics intervention, supplemented by microergonomics intervention, to enhance the willingness of institutions to promote planning, and effectively achieve prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal hazards in the workplace.問卷調查重複性肌肉骨骼傷害宏觀人因工程surveymusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)macroergonomicsthesis