SHIUAN-SHINN LEEFU-MEI HUANGYU-CHAO CHANG2026-10-162026-10-162013-09-01Pure ID: 15317298Pure UUID: 64337a89-8510-44f9-82df-bfb1b59ae5df10.1002/hed.23130https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84883049717https://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/34294Background The purpose of this study was to compare the major thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) expression in normal human buccal mucosa and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) specimens and further explore the potential mechanisms that may lead to induce PAR-1 expression. Methods Thirty OSF and 10 normal buccal mucosa specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry. Buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs) were challenged with arecoline by using Western blot analysis. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), LY294002, herbimycin A, NS-398, and PD98059 were added to find the possible regulatory mechanisms. Results PAR-1 expression was significantly higher in OSF specimens (p <.05). Arecoline was found to elevate PAR-1 expression in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner (p <.05). The addition of NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059 markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression (p <.05). Conclusion PAR-1 expression is significantly upregulated in areca quid chewing-associated OSF. Arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression was downregulated by NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059.5enjournal article