PUI-YING LEONG2026-10-162026-10-162024-11-01Pure ID: 14905350Pure UUID: f9555d81-bd5c-4cb1-9e19-c42a3092b39f10.1111/1756-185X.15426https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85210081525https://scholars.csmu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/25640Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body, but the presence of autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), does not always lead to autoimmune diseases. Globally, autoimmunity is on the rise, influenced by socioeconomic factors, environmental exposure, diet, and stress. Climate change and pollution further exacerbate risks. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the issue, with unvaccinated individuals showing higher rates of autoimmune conditions postinfection. Preventive strategies, including healthy diets, stress management, and vaccination, are crucial in combating this growing epidemic. Collaboration between individuals, healthcare providers, and policymakers is critical to mitigate the rise in autoimmune disorders and enhance public health.enjournal article